BEIRUT/AMMAN (Reuters) - Mystery surrounded the whereabouts of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad on Thursday, a day after a bomber killed and wounded his security chiefs and rebels closed in on the centre of Damascus, vowing to "liberate" the capital.
The Syrian leader
made no public appearance and no statement after a bomber killed his
powerful brother-in-law, his defense minister and a top general.
By the early hours of Thursday, residents had reported
no let-up in the heaviest fighting to hit the capital in a 16-month
revolt against Assad's rule.
The fighting came within sight of the presidential
palace, near the security headquarters where the bomber struck a crisis
meeting of defense and security chiefs.
Assad's brother-in-law Assef Shawkat, a top commander
and one of the pillars of the Assad clan's rule, was killed in the blast
along with Defense Minister Daoud Rajha.
Another senior general also was killed and the heads of
intelligence and the Interior Ministry were wounded, deeply damaging
the security apparatus of the Assad family, which has ruled the country
with an iron fist for four decades.
Intense clashes were reported in the capital's central
districts of Mezze and Kafar Souseh, while a police station in the Hajar
al-Aswad district was in flames.
The army was shelling its own capital from the
surrounding mountains as night fell. Government troops, having vowed
retaliation for the assassination, fired machineguns into the city from
helicopters.
A security source
said the bomber who struck inside the security headquarters was a
bodyguard entrusted with protecting the closest members of Assad's
circle. State television said it was a suicide bomber. Anti-Assad groups claimed responsibility.
Washington, which fears a spillover into neighboring
states, said the situation seemed to be spinning out of control. Russian
Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said "the decisive fight" was under way
in Damascus.
The U.N. Security Council put off a scheduled vote on a Syria resolution and U.S. President Barack Obama phoned President Vladimir Putin of Russia, Assad's main protector, to try to persuade Moscow to drop support for him.
"As we continue to
pursue the political option the realities on the ground may have
overtaken us, therefore I think the clock is ticking and have we ...
reached the point where the political option is too late?" King Abdullah
of Jordan said in an interview with CNN.
"I think we should
continue to give politics its due, but if we haven't already passed that
window I think we are getting very close to it."
CORE OF CRISIS UNIT KILLED
The generals killed and wounded in the bombing form the
core of Assad's crisis unit to crush the revolt, which grew out of
protests inspired by Arab Spring uprisings that unseated leaders in
Tunisia, Egypt and Libya.
The armed forces chief of staff, Fahad Jassim al-Freij,
quickly took over as defense minister to avoid giving any impression of
official paralysis.
"This cowardly terrorist act will not deter our men in
the armed forces from continuing their sacred mission of pursuing the
remnants of these armed terrorist criminal gangs," Freij said on state
television. "They will cut off every hand that tries to hurt the
security of the nation or its citizens."
The explosion appeared to be part of a coordinated
assault on the capital that has escalated since the start of the week.
Rebel fighters call it the "liberation of Damascus" after months of
fierce clashes which activists say have killed 17,000 people.
"This is the final phase. They will fall very soon,"
Abdelbasset Seida, a leader of the opposition Syrian National Council,
told Reuters in Qatar. "Today is a turning point in Syria's history. It
will put more pressure on the regime and bring an end very soon, within
weeks or months."
Ahmad Zaidan, spokesman for the Higher Council of the
Revolution's Leadership, an opposition group, said the blast was a major
blow to the morale of the army, 50,000 of whom - out of 280,000 - the
opposition estimates have deserted.
"It's the beginning of the breaking of the chain, the regime has lost control now and those around Bashar al Assad whom he relied on are gone. The regime's foundations have been shaken. It's just Bashar now who's left," said Zaidan.
FEAR OF DESTABILISATION
U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said: "This is a
situation that is rapidly spinning out of control." He called for
maximum global pressure on Assad to step down.
Western leaders fear the conflict, which has been
joined by al Qaeda-style jihadists, could destabilize Syria's neighbors:
Israel, Lebanon, Turkey, Iraq and Jordan.
Syrian forces hit rebel positions across the capital
after the attack on the security meeting, with activists saying
government troops and pro-government militia were flooding in.
State television broadcast footage showing men in blue
army fatigues ducking for cover and firing - the first time official
media has shown clashes in the heart of the capital.
Government troops
used heavy machineguns and anti-aircraft guns against rebels in
residential neighborhoods, armed mostly with small arms and
rocket-propelled grenades.
Rebels were
jubilant at their success in penetrating into the capital and at the
deaths of the security chiefs. Abdullah al-Shami, a rebel commander
based in Turkey, said: "I expect a speedy collapse of the regime ... and
it means we will not be in need of outside intervention, with the
regime beginning to crumble much faster than we envisaged."
Yet some opposition figures said victory would still not be easy.
"It is going to be
difficult to sustain supply lines and the rebels may have to make a
tactical withdrawal at one point, like they did in other cities,"
veteran opposition activist Fawaz Tello said from Istanbul.
"But what is clear is that Damascus has joined the revolt."
(Additional
reporting by Dominic Evans and Erika Solomon in Beirut, Khaled Yacoub
Oweis in Amman, Suleiman Al-Khalidi in Antakya, Turkey and Regan Doherty
in Doha; Writing by Peter Graff; Editing by Louise Ireland)
